Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Free Essays on Graduation Speech

â€Å"Time sneaks up on you like a windshield [does] on a bug,† said the celebrity John Lithgow. For the student, our first day of school here at the Lewis F. Cole middle school seems like only yesterday. In only two short years, we have accomplished so much more than we thought we could on that first day when we were all strangers in a strange new world. But maybe fate decided how we would end up, and maybe it was fate that dictated to what extent we would be successful in achieving many of our goals. Perhaps it was also due to fate that we all made the mistakes we made. And conceivably, it may be fate that I was chosen to stand here addressing you the students, your parents, and our teachers. Before I go further, I should first congratulate the class of 2003 on surviving their two year crash course in social growth and express our classes’ deepest thanks to the devoted teaching staff who patiently guided us through all those academic thickets. We are who we are. I choose no more to be male than my mother did to be female. Perhaps fate controlled my life in its course so far, and perhaps it is fate that I have made it this far in life. Yet I believe fate is not in total control of my life; it has merely provided me with loose guide lines for getting through these two short but memorable years at the Lewis F. Cole Middle School. As students, we are constantly evolving. We are who we are, but we can change who we are through our actions and our values. As students, we changed not only ourselves, but also changed and affected many of those around us. In only two years, many of us have greatly matured socially and as such have become different people. Maybe fate had in store what we choose to change. I have developed what you might call a love-hate relationship with our middle school. I love this school for its competition, while I hate it for that very reason at the same time. The student competition here at the Lewis F. Cole middle s... Free Essays on Graduation Speech Free Essays on Graduation Speech â€Å"Time sneaks up on you like a windshield [does] on a bug,† said the celebrity John Lithgow. For the student, our first day of school here at the Lewis F. Cole middle school seems like only yesterday. In only two short years, we have accomplished so much more than we thought we could on that first day when we were all strangers in a strange new world. But maybe fate decided how we would end up, and maybe it was fate that dictated to what extent we would be successful in achieving many of our goals. Perhaps it was also due to fate that we all made the mistakes we made. And conceivably, it may be fate that I was chosen to stand here addressing you the students, your parents, and our teachers. Before I go further, I should first congratulate the class of 2003 on surviving their two year crash course in social growth and express our classes’ deepest thanks to the devoted teaching staff who patiently guided us through all those academic thickets. We are who we are. I choose no more to be male than my mother did to be female. Perhaps fate controlled my life in its course so far, and perhaps it is fate that I have made it this far in life. Yet I believe fate is not in total control of my life; it has merely provided me with loose guide lines for getting through these two short but memorable years at the Lewis F. Cole Middle School. As students, we are constantly evolving. We are who we are, but we can change who we are through our actions and our values. As students, we changed not only ourselves, but also changed and affected many of those around us. In only two years, many of us have greatly matured socially and as such have become different people. Maybe fate had in store what we choose to change. I have developed what you might call a love-hate relationship with our middle school. I love this school for its competition, while I hate it for that very reason at the same time. The student competition here at the Lewis F. Cole middle s...

Sunday, March 1, 2020

Sodium Element (Na or Atomic Number 11)

Sodium Element (Na or Atomic Number 11) Symbol: Na Atomic Number: 11 Atomic Weight: 22.989768 Element Classification: Alkali Metal CAS Number: 7440-23-5 Periodic Table Location Group: 1 Period: 3 Block: s Electron Configuration Short Form: [Ne]3s1 Long Form: 1s22s22p63s1 Shell Structure: 2 8 1 Discovery of Sodium Discovery Date: 1807 Discoverer: Sir Humphrey Davy [England] Name: Sodium derives its name from the Medieval Latin sodanum and the English name soda. The element symbol, Na, was shortened from the Latin name Natrium. Swedish chemist Berzelius was the first to use the symbol Na for sodium in his early periodic table. History: Sodium does not usually appear in nature on its own, but its compounds have been used by people for centuries. Elemental sodium was not discovered until 1808. Davy isolated sodium metal using electrolysis from caustic soda or sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Physical Data State at room temperature (300 K): Solid Appearance: soft, bright silvery-white metal Density: 0.966 g/cc Density at Melting Point: 0.927 g/cc Specific Gravity: 0.971 (20  °C) Melting Point: 370.944 K Boiling Point: 1156.09 K Critical Point: 2573 K at 35 MPa (extrapolated) Heat of Fusion: 2.64 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization: 89.04 kJ/mol Molar Heat Capacity: 28.23 J/mol ·K Specific Heat: 0.647 J/g ·K (at 20  °C) Atomic Data Oxidation States: 1 (most common), -1 Electronegativity: 0.93 Electron Affinity: 52.848 kJ/mol Atomic Radius: 1.86 Ã… Atomic Volume: 23.7 cc/mol Ionic Radius: 97 (1e) Covalent Radius: 1.6 Ã… Van der Waals Radius: 2.27 Ã… First Ionization Energy: 495.845 kJ/mol Second Ionization Energy: 4562.440 kJ/mol Third Ionization Energy: 6910.274 kJ/mol Nuclear Data Number of isotopes: 18 isotopes are known. Only two are naturally occurring. Isotopes and % abundance: 23Na (100), 22Na (trace) Crystal Data Lattice Structure: Body-Centered Cubic Lattice Constant: 4.230 Ã… Debye Temperature: 150.00 K Sodium Uses Sodium chloride is important for animal nutrition. Sodium compounds are used in the glass, soap, paper, textile, chemical, petroleum, and metal industries. Metallic sodium is used in manufacturing of sodium peroxide, sodium cyanide, sodamide, and sodium hydride. Sodium is used in preparing tetraethyl lead. It is used in the reduction of organic esters and preparation of organic compounds. Sodium metal may be used to improve the structure of some alloys, to descale metal, and to purify molten metals. Sodium, as well as NaK, an alloy of sodium with potassium, are important heat transfer agents. Miscellaneous Facts Sodium is the 6th most abundant element in the Earths crust, making up approximately 2.6% of the earth, air, and oceans.Sodium is not found free in nature, but sodium compounds are common. The most common compound is sodium chloride or salt.Sodium occurs in many minerals, such as cryolite, soda niter, zeolite, amphibole, and sodalite.The top three countries that produce sodium are China, United States,  and India. Sodium metal is mass produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride.The D lines of sodiums spectrum account for the dominant yellow color of the un.Sodium is the most abundant alkali metal.Sodium floats on water, which decomposes it to evolve hydrogen and form the hydroxide. Sodium may ignite spontaneously on water. It does not usually ignite in air at temperatures below 115 °CSodium burns with a bright yellow color in a flame test.Sodium is used in fireworks to make an intense yellow color. The color is sometimes so bright it overwhelms other colors in a firework. Sources CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics, (89th Ed.).Holden, Norman E. History of the Origin of the Chemical Elements and Their Discoverers, 2001.â€Å"National Institute of Standards and Technology.†Ã‚  NIST.